Definition: Thermoelectric Coolers (TECs), also known as Peltier devices, are solid-state heat pumps that transfer heat from one side of the device to the other when direct current (DC) is applied, utilizing the Peltier effect.
Key Features
- No Moving Parts: Highly reliable and maintenance-free.
- Precise Temperature Control: Can achieve stability within ±0.1°C.
- Reversible Operation: Cooling or heating by reversing current polarity.
- Compact & Scalable: Available in various sizes for different power needs.
Applications
Laser Diodes
Medical Devices
Portable Coolers
Optical Sensors
CPU Cooling (specialized)
Environmental Chambers
Performance Parameters
| Parameter |
Description |
| Qmax |
Maximum heat pumping capacity (W) |
| ΔTmax |
Max temp difference (hot vs cold side) at zero heat load (~70°C typical) |
| Imax |
Maximum operating current (A) |
| Vmax |
Maximum operating voltage (V) |
| COP |
Coefficient of Performance: cooling power / input power (~0.3–0.7) |
Note: TECs are less energy-efficient than compressor-based coolers but excel in precision, size, and reliability.
Tips for Use
- Always use thermal interface material (e.g., thermal paste).
- Ensure effective hot-side heat dissipation (heatsink + fan or liquid cooling).
- Avoid thermal cycling without proper control to prevent mechanical fatigue.
- Use PID controllers for stable temperature regulation.