Function: Impedance matching, DC isolation, signal splitting/combining, balanced-unbalanced conversion (baluns), and noise rejection in RF circuits.

Key Parameters:

• Frequency Range: e.g., 1 MHz – 1 GHz
• Impedance Ratio: e.g., 1:1, 1:4, 1:9
• Insertion Loss: Typically <1 dB
• Isolation: High between windings
• Power Rating: Based on core and wire size

Types:

• Wideband Transformers: Ferrite core, used in amplifiers and mixers.
• Baluns: Convert between balanced (differential) and unbalanced (single-ended) signals.
• Transmission Line Transformers: Utilize coaxial or twisted-pair lines for high-frequency performance.

Applications: Antenna systems, impedance matching networks, RF amplifiers, and communication transceivers.

Design Tips:

• Select core material (e.g., NiZn ferrite) based on frequency.
• Minimize parasitic capacitance and leakage inductance.
• Use bifilar winding for tight coupling at lower frequencies.